April 14–16, 2013, in San Francisco CA
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Please click on a speaker name in the agenda below to access the slide presentation (secure PDF, all files are less than 2 MB unless otherwise indicated). NEW
Chairs: David Christiani, Harvard School of Public Health, and David Eaton, University of Washington–Seattle; both on the HEI Research Committee
With the recent introduction of innovative aftertreatment technologies, the emissions from
new diesel engines are decreasing dramatically, raising opportunities to substantially reduce human
exposure and health effects. The Advanced Collaborative Emissions Study (ACES; managed
jointly by HEI and the Coordinating Research Council) has documented improvements in such
emissions, and HEI investigators have recently completed analysis of the first health results (1-,
3-, and 12-month animal exposures) from a comprehensive bioassay using exhaust from a new
engine. Results from another study that examined a possible association between human cancer
and occupational exposure to older diesel engines have become available and reviews of diesel
risk are under way. This session will review these and other developments and place them into a
broader scientific and regulatory context.
John Wall
CumminsJacob McDonald
(2.5 MB) Lovelace Respiratory Research InstituteEric Garshick
Veterans Administration Boston Health Care SystemNigel Clark
West Virginia UniversityKatharine Hammond
University of California-BerkeleyTom Hesterberg
Navistar Health Effects InstituteChairs: Stephanie London, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and Michael Brauer, University of British Columbia; both on the HEI Review Committee
Setting regulatory limits on levels of ambient ozone and characterizing the benefits to human health that might result from ambient reductions are subjects of continuing scientific investigation and policy debate. Exposure to ozone has been associated with a range of acute adverse health effects and with irreversible changes in lung structure and function. When exposure to PM2.5 is taken into account, cohort studies of long-term exposure to ozone find some evidence of an effect of ozone on mortality from respiratory disease, but little, if any, evidence of effects on cardiovascular mortality. This session will review past research and current knowledge, including an exploration of the strengths and weaknesses of studies of long-term exposure and of the methods and metrics for assessing human exposure to ozone and other photochemical oxidants.
Mark Utell
(4.4 MB) University of RochesterJohn Balmes
University of California-San FranciscoMaria Kadiiska
National Institute of Environmental Health SciencesRick Burnett
Health CanadaKenneth Demerjian
University of AlbanyMary Ross
US Environmental Protection AgencyHoward Feldman
American Petroleum InstituteMargo Oge, US Environmental Protection Agency
Are some components of particulate matter more harmful to health than others? HEI’s 4-year NPACT initiative, which was designed to address this important question, is drawing to a close. NPACT has included integrated toxicologic and epidemiologic studies of cardiovascular outcomes in US cities with different compositions of particulate and gaseous copollutants. This session will provide a forum to discuss new insights from this work.
Dan Greenbaum
George Thurston
(2.4 MB) New York UniversityMorton Lippmann
New York UniversityResults from the NPACT Study at the University of Washington and Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute
Sverre Vedal Part 1 University of Washington
Matthew Campen University of New Mexico
Sverre Vedal Part 2
Ted Russell
Bert Brunekreef
Aruni Bhatnagar, University of Louisville
Jay Turner, Washington University
Barbara Hoffmann, IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine
Ultrafine particles continue to be the focus of research and regulatory interest in the US and around the world. Last year HEI convened an expert panel to conduct a critical evaluation of what we know — and don’t know — about the potential for ultrafine particles to cause harm to human health. The panel’s report will soon be published as part of the HEI Perspective series. In this session, panelists will present primary conclusions from their assessment of the particle sources and factors that contribute to human exposure, the evidence from experimental studies with human volunteers and animals, and the evidence from observational epidemiologic studies. They will also explore implications for future research.
Katherine Walker
Health Effects InstituteLeonidas Ntziachristos
(4.3 MB) Aristotle University of ThessalonikiMark Frampton
(5.6 MB)Stefanie Ebelt Sarnat
Emory UniversityMichael Brauer
This session will explore ways for scientists conducting health studies to improve the assessment of exposure to traffic-related pollution. It is intended to build on the findings of HEI’s major review of the literature on traffic-related air pollution (Special Report 17, published in 2010) and to lay the groundwork for upcoming deliberations on research needs in this area. Speakers will discuss lessons learned from near-road measurements, the role of local chemistry, and new tools and strategies for collecting exposure data for health studies.
David Allen
Richard Baldauf
(2.5 MB) US EPAFred Lurmann
(4.0 MB) Sonoma Technology, IncJeffrey Brook
(3.7 MB) Environment CanadaHealth Effects Institute
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