Publications

This page is a list of publications in reverse chronological order. Please use search or the filters to browse by research areas, publication types, and content types.

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Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Selected Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution

Health Effects Institute
2022
Special Report 23

This comprehensive scientific review examines the evidence for associations between several adverse health effects and traffic-related air pollution (TRAP). The review, the largest of its type to date, was conducted by a panel of 13 renowned experts who evaluated 353 published scientific reports on traffic pollution and related health effects between 1980 and 2019.

Scalable Multipollutant Exposure Assessment Using Routine Mobile Monitoring Platforms

Joshua Apte
Sarah E Chambliss
Kyle P Messier
Shahzad Gani
Adithi R Upadhya
Meenakshi Kushwaha
et al
2024
Research Report 216

This report presents the results of a study led by Joshua Apte of the University of California, Berkeley, a recipient of HEI’s Walter A. Rosenblith New Investigator Award. Apte and colleagues evaluated the use of mobile monitoring for several air pollution mapping and exposure assessment applications.

Chemical and Cellular Formation of Reactive Oxygen Species from Secondary Organic Aerosols in Epithelial Lining Fluid

Manabu Shiraiwa
Ting Fang
Jinlai Wei
Pascale SJ Lakey
Brian CH Hwang
Kasey C Edwards
et al
2023
Research Report 215

This report presents the findings of a study led by Manabu Shiraiwa of the University of California, Irvine, a recipient of HEI’s Walter A. Rosenblith New Investigator Award. Shiraiwa and colleagues evaluated the mechanisms of aerosol-induced reactive oxygen species formation by two pathways in the respiratory tract: by chemical reactions  and by immune cells called macrophages.

Long-Term Exposure to AIR Pollution and COVID-19 Mortality and Morbidity in DENmark: Who Is Most Susceptible? (AIRCODEN)

Zorana J Andersen
Jiawei Zhang
Youn-Hee Lim
Rina So
Jeanette T Jørgensen
Laust H Mortensen
et al
2023
Research Report 214

This report presents a study that evaluated whether there is an association between exposure to outdoor air pollution and the risk of COVID-19 incidence, hospitalization, and mortality in a cohort of 3.7 million Danish adults.

Ambient Air Pollution and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in an Analysis of Asian Cohorts

George S. Downward
Roel Vermeulen
2023
Research Report 213

This study by Dr. George S. Downward and Dr. Roel Vermeulen from Utrecht University, the Netherlands, addresses a clear research gap by leveraging harmonized data from the Asia Cohort Consortium, a large multicenter collaborative research effort in Asia that began in 2008.

HEI Update Spring 2023

Health Effects Institute
2023
Newsletter

In this issue of HEI's quarterly Update, read about:

  • New members of the HEI Board and scientific committees
  • The launch of HEI’s Environmental Justice Program
  • A new report on air quality and health impacts in Africa
  • Two recently launched studies on non-tailpipe emissions

...and more!

 

Annual Report 2022

Health Effects Institute
2023
Annual Report 2022

Insights that Endure: Investing in Science for Lasting Impact summarizes the significant progress HEI made during 2022 on the goals laid out in its Strategic Plan for 2020-2025.

HEI Update Fall 2022

Health Effects Institute
2022
Newsletter

In this issue of HEI Update, read about:

  • HEI’s comprehensive new scientific review on traffic-related air pollution
  • An HEI study assessing health effects at very low air pollution levels in Canada
  • A new inclusive summer fellowship
  • Our successful hybrid Annual Conference 2022

…and more!

 

Characterizing Determinants of Near-Road Ambient Air Quality for an Urban Intersection and a Freeway Site

H Christopher Frey
Andrew P Grieshop
Andrey Khlystov
John J Bang
Nagui Rouphail
Joseph Guinness
et al
2022
Research Report 207

This report presents a study led by H. Christopher Frey of North Carolina State University in Raleigh. The investigators measured six air pollutants (nitrogen oxides, ultrafine particles, black carbon, fine particles, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone) near a freeway and in an urban area.

Mortality–Air Pollution Associations in Low-Exposure Environments (MAPLE): Phase 2

Michael Brauer
Jeffrey R. Brook
Tanya Christidis
Yen Chu
Dan Crouse
Anders Erickson
et al
2022
Research Report 212

This report presents a comprehensive HEI study examining potential health risks from low levels of air pollution exposure in millions of Canadian citizens. Michael Brauer at The University of British Columbia and his colleagues combined satellite data, air monitor sampling, and atmospheric modeling to estimate outdoor PM2.5 exposures across Canada from 1981 to 2016.

Update Spring 2022

Health Effects Institute
2022
Newsletter

In this issue of Update, learn about a major HEI study finding health effects at low levels of exposure to air pollution in the United States; our upcoming Annual Conference; new members of the HEI Board and Research Committee; and more.

Annual Report 2021

Health Effects Institute
2022
Annual Report 2021

During 2021 we made significant progress on our ambitious goals ― from a stronger focus on the air quality–climate connection, to our Global Health research, to a deeper understanding of accountability and the health outcomes that result from air quality actions. Read about our progress in the new HEI Annual Report.

HEI Investigators' Guide. Preparing the Final Report

Health Effects Institute
2022
Guide for Authors
The Investigators' Guide contains important information for HEI-funded investigators who are getting ready to write the Final Report for their study. The Guide introduces HEI's review, editing, and publication process and lists requirements for submission of the report. The Guide also contains detailed instructions on reference and text styles, tables and illustrations, and submission of electronic art.
 

Below are the Complete Guide and individual Guide Parts, including submission checklists.

Associations of Air Pollution on the Brain in Children: A Brain Imaging Study

Mònica Guxens
Małgorzata J. Lubczyńska
Laura Pérez-Crespo
Ryan L. Muetzel
Hanan El Marroun
Xavier Basagaña
et al
2022
Research Report 209

Research Report 209 presents a study by Mònica Guxens of the Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) and colleagues. The team used new neuroimaging technology to assess the possible relationship of air pollution exposure during pregnancy and childhood with brain outcomes in children. 

Assessing Adverse Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Low Levels of Ambient Air Pollution: Implementation of Causal Inference Methods

Francesca Dominici
Antonella Zanobetti
Joel Schwartz
Danielle Braun
Ben Sabath
Xiao Wu
2022
Research Report 211

Research Report 211 presents a major HEI study by Dr. Francesca Dominici of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and colleagues. The investigators examined the risk of mortality associated with exposure to low ambient air pollution concentrations in a cohort of 68.5 million older Americans. 

Update Winter 2022

Health Effects Institute
2022
Newsletter

In this issue of HEI Update, read about new experts on HEI's scientific committees; a key global health study assessing the burden of disease from major air pollution sources; research funding opportunities, a New Investigator study examining air pollution and brain development in children; and more!

Global Burden of Disease from Major Air Pollution Sources (GBD MAPS): A Global Approach

Erin McDuffie
Randall V Martin
Hao Yin
Michael Brauer
2021
Research Report 210

Research Report 210 presents a study conducted by Dr. Erin McDuffie and Dr. Randall Martin of Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, Dr. Michael Brauer at The University of British Columbia in Canada, and colleagues. The investigators produced the first comprehensive global estimates of contributions from the most common sources of air pollution to people’s exposure to fine particles and to the world’s burden of disease from various causes.

Update September 2021

Health Effects Institute
2021
Newsletter

In this issue of Update, read about a major HEI study in Europe that found evidence of health effects at low levels of air pollution; a new Board Chair; our first-ever Director of Science Communications; steps HEI is taking toward diversity, equity, and inclusion; the launch of new studies on wildfires and the effectiveness of air quality policies, and more.

Mortality and Morbidity Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Low-Level PM2.5, BC, NO2, and O3: An Analysis of European Cohorts in the ELAPSE Project

Bert Brunekreef
Maciej Strak
Jie Chen
Zorana J Andersen
Richard Atkinson
Mariska Bauwelinck
et al
2021
Research Report 208

Research Report 208 presents a study by Bert Brunekreef at the Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands, and colleagues examining associations between exposures to relatively low levels of air pollution below the current EU standards and several health outcomes among participants in 22 European cohorts. 
 

Social Susceptibility to Multiple Air Pollutants in Cardiovascular Disease

Jane E Clougherty
Jamie L Humphrey
Ellen J Kinnee
Lucy F Robinson
Leslie A McClure
Laura D Kubzansky
Colleen E Reid
2021
Research Report 206

Research Report 206 presents a study led by Dr. Jane Clougherty at Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University. Clougherty and colleagues examined whether associations between community- and individual-level cardiovascular disease events and ambient air pollutants vary by social stressors.  

Update Spring 2021

Health Effects Institute
2021
Newsletter

In this issue of Update, read about a newly published HEI study suggesting health improvements from the 2006 California Goods Movement Plan; our very successful Virtual Conference webinar series in April and May; important transitions in HEI Communications; an HEI New Investigator study on mechanisms of lung injury by ozone; a two-day workshop on air pollution and health in Southeast Europe; and more.

Improvements in Air Quality and Health Outcomes Among California Medicaid Enrollees Due to Goods Movement Actions

Ying-Ying Meng
Jason G Su
Xiao Chen
John Molitor
Dahai Yue
Michael Jerrett
2021
Research Report 205

Research Report 205 presents a study led by Ying-Ying Meng and colleagues at the University of California, Los Angeles, examining the impact of the 2006 California Goods Movement Plan on air quality and healthcare utilization among adults with chronic health conditions who were enrolled in California’s healthcare program for low-income individuals (Medi-Cal).

Novel Mechanisms of Ozone-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation and Resolution, and the Potential Protective Role of Scavenger Receptor BI

Kymberly Gowdy
Brita Kilburg-Basnyat
Myles X Hodge
Sky W Reece
Valery Yermalitsky
Sean S Davies
Jonathan Manke
Michael L Armstrong
Nichole Reisdorph
Robert M Tighe
S Raza Shaikh
2021
Research Report 204

Research Report 204 presents a study led by Dr. Kymberly Gowdy of East Carolina University (now at Ohio State University) and colleagues in which they evaluated how acute exposure of mice to ozone affects initiation and resolution of the inflammatory response in the lung.

Update Winter 2021

Health Effects Institute
2021
Newsletter

In this issue of Update, read about Ellen Mantus, the new HEI Director of Science; HEI’s timely and targeted 2021 Virtual Conference (Sign Up Now!); five HEI studies underway on COVID-19, air pollution, and health; a transition in HEI’s Global Health program… and more!

 

Annual Report 2020

Health Effects Institute
2021
Annual Report 2020

The HEI Annual Report for 2020, Valuing Science, Informing Decisions, describes how HEI provides high quality, impartial, and relevant science to inform public policy on air quality and public health. The report highlights HEI’s latest achievements and initiatives.

Update Fall 2020

Health Effects Institute
2020
Newsletter

In this issue of Update, read about the release of State of Global Air 2020; HEI’s progress on promoting inclusion; our prominent role in virtual international meetings on exposure science and epidemiology; and more!

Update Summer 2020

Health Effects Institute
2020
Newsletter

In this issue of Update, read about two new HEI Board members; HEI’s formal response to EPA’s proposed transparency rule; a new chair for our Review Committee; HEI’s actions to promote diversity; a recently published Walter A. Rosenblith New Investigator report on novel techniques to study VOC–ozone effects… and more!

Understanding the Functional Impact of VOC–Ozone Mixtures on the Chemistry of RNA in Epithelial Lung Cells

Lydia M Contreras
Juan C Gonzalez-Rivera
Kevin C Baldridge
Dongyu S Wang
Jamie CL Chuvalo-Abraham
Lea Hildebrandt Ruiz
2020
Research Report 201

Research Report 201 presents a study led by Dr. Lydia Contreras at the University of Texas, Austin, who is a recipient of HEI’s Walter A. Rosenblith New Investigator Award. Dr. Contreras and colleagues evaluated how exposure of lung cells to volatile organic compounds plus ozone affects oxidation of ribonucleic acid, a key component of cells. The study aimed to improve understanding of the biological mechanisms by which air pollutants can cause effects in human health, thereby expanding our knowledge of potential causal links between exposure and health.

Update Spring 2020

Health Effects Institute
2020
Newsletter

In this issue of HEI Update, read about the Institute moving ahead and staying connected virtually; a successful webinar series that replaced our 2020 annual conference; an eminent epidemiologist joining the Research Committee; publication of two new research reports; a change of leadership for HEI Science; and more!

Multicenter Ozone Study in oldEr Subjects (MOSES): Part 2. Effects of Personal and Ambient Concentrations of Ozone and Other Pollutants on Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Function

David Q Rich
Mark W Frampton
John R Balmes
Philip A Bromberg
Mehrdad Arjomandi
Milan J Hazucha
Sally W Thurston
Neil E Alexis
Peter Ganz
Wojciech Zareba
Petros Koutrakis
Kelly Thevenet-Morrison
2020
Research Report 192, Part 2

Research Report 192, Part 2, describes the second part of the Multicenter Ozone Study in oldEr Subjects (MOSES), led by Drs. David Rich and Mark Frampton of the University of Rochester Medical Center in Rochester, New York. Part 1 of the MOSES study, Effects of Exposure to Low Concentrations of Ozone on Respiratory and Cardiovascular Outcomes, was published in 2017; Part 2 presents additional analyses.

Enhancing Models and Measurements of Traffic-Related Air Pollutants for Health Studies Using Dispersion Modeling and Bayesian Data Fusion

Stuart Batterman
Veronica J Berrocal
Chad Milando
Owais Gilani
Saravanan Arunachalam
K Max Zhang
2020
Research Report 202

Research Report 202 describes a study led by Dr. Stuart Batterman at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor and colleagues. The investigators evaluated the ability to predict traffic-related air pollution using a variety of methods and models, including a line source air pollution dispersion model and sophisticated spatiotemporal Bayesian data fusion methods.

HEI Strategic Plan for 2020-2025

Health Effects Institute
2020
Strategic Plan

Effective April 1, 2020, HEI is launching its Strategic Plan for Understanding the Health Effects of Air Pollution for the coming five years, guiding HEI’s direction based on extensive input from sponsors, the scientific community, environmental organizations, and others. The Plan seeks to produce and advance timely and credible science to inform key decisions with one overarching theme: informing air quality and health decisions for 2020-2025…and beyond.

Update Winter 2020

Health Effects Institute
2020
Newsletter

In this issue of HEI Update, read about our upcoming Annual Conference in April; our search for the next HEI Review Committee chair; the launch of 11 new HEI studies — four evaluating the effectiveness of air quality actions, five aiming to improve exposure assessment, and two led by our 2019 Walter A. Rosenblith New Investigators; and more.

Annual Report 2019

Health Effects Institute
2020
Annual Report 2019

The 2019 Annual Report, A Window to Trusted Science, describes how HEI provides high quality, impartial, and relevant science informing public policy on air quality and public health, and continues its longstanding commitment to transparency.

Impacts of Shipping on Air Pollutant Emissions, Air Quality, and Health in the Yangtze River Delta and Shanghai, China

Yan Zhang
Junlan Feng
Cong Liu
Junri Zhao
Weichun Ma
Cheng Huang
Jingyu An
Yin Shen
Qingyan Fu
Shuxiao Wang
Dian Ding
Wangqi Ge
Freda Fung
Kethural Manokaran
Allison P. Patton
Katherine Walker
Haidong Kan
2019
Special Report 22

Special Report 22 describes a study led by a team of investigators from Fudan and Tsinghua Universities, other Chinese research institutions, and HEI scientists Allison Patton and Katherine Walker, as part of HEI’s Global Health Program. The report provides an analysis of emissions from shipping and related activities and their impacts on air quality and health in the Yangtze River Delta and Shanghai.

Update Fall 2019

Health Effects Institute
2019
Newsletter

In this issue of Update, read about HEI’s publication of two major reports evaluating the extent to which air pollution at low levels of exposure may have consequences for public health; a revised draft of our Strategic Plan for 2020–2025; a new epidemiologist appointed to the HEI Review Committee; the communication of HEI research at important government, industry, and scientific conferences; and more.

Assessing Adverse Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Low Levels of Ambient Air Pollution: Phase 1

Francesca Dominici
Joel Schwartz
Qian Di
Danielle Braun
Christine Choirat
Antonella Zanobetti
2019
Research Report 200

Research Report 200 describes the first-phase results of a study examining any association between exposure to low levels of air pollution — both PM2.5 and O3 — and all-cause mortality in a population of 61 million Medicare enrollees residing in the continental United States. The report also presents the detailed Commentary on the study by HEI’s Low-Exposure Epidemiology Studies Review Panel.

Mortality–Air Pollution Associations in Low-Exposure Environments (MAPLE): Phase 1

Michael Brauer
Jeffrey R. Brook
Tanya Christidis
Yen Chu
Dan Crouse
Anders Erickson
Perry Hystad
Chi Li
Randall V Martin
Jun Meng
Amanda J. Pappin
Lauren L. Pinault
Michael Tjepkema
Aaron van Donkelaar
Scott Weichenthal
Richard T Burnett
2019
Research Report 203

Research Report 203 describes the first-phase results of a study evaluating the relationship between long-term exposure to low concentrations of PM2.5 and non-accidental mortality, including a characterization of the shape of the concentration–response functions, in a large population-based cohort (~9 million adults) in Canada. The report also presents the detailed Commentary on the study by HEI’s Low-Exposure Epidemiology Studies Review Panel.

Update Summer 2019

Health Effects Institute
2019
Newsletter

In this issue of Update, read about HEI’s two new Board members; the protocol an expert HEI panel is following to review the literature on traffic-related pollution; a recap of our Annual Conference; a new report on household air pollution in Ghana; a visit with our sponsors and scientists in Japan; and more.

Update Spring 2019

Health Effects Institute
2019
Newsletter

In this issue of Update, read about HEI presenting science and strategies at a major symposium on transportation, air quality, and health; the release of State of Global Air 2019; the continued progress of an HEI special panel reviewing the literature on traffic-related air pollution; a new staff member managing our digital communications; and more.

Contribution of Household Air Pollution to Ambient Air Pollution in Ghana: Using Available Evidence to Prioritize Future Action

HEI Household Air Pollution–Ghana Working Group
2019
Communication 19

Communication19 describes a study led by HEI’s Ghana Working Group evaluating the contribution of household air pollution to ambient fine particle air pollution in Ghana, as well as its impact on health.

Understanding the Early Biological Effects of Isoprene-Derived Particulate Matter Enhanced by Anthropogenic Pollutants

Jason D Surratt
Ying-Hsuan Lin
Maiko Arashiro
William G Vizuete
Zhenfa Zhang
Avram Gold
Ilona Jaspers
Rebecca C Fry
2019
Research Report 198

Research Report 198 describes a study by Dr. Jason Surratt and his colleagues evaluating the toxicity of fine particulate matter formed from the photochemical oxidation of isoprene in a chamber.

Cellular and Acellular Assays for Measuring Oxidative Stress Induced by Ambient and Laboratory-Generated Aerosols

Nga L Ng
Wing Y Tuet
Yunle Chen
Shierly Fok
Dong Goa
Marlen S Tagle Rodriguez
Mitchel Klein
Anna Grosberg
Rodney J Weber
Julie A Champion
2019
Research Report 197

Research Report 197 describes a study led by Dr. Nga Ng to characterize and compare the oxidative properties of ambient particulate matter and laboratory-generated secondary organic aerosols in toxicologic assays.

Real-World Vehicle Emissions Characterization for the Shing Mun Tunnel in Hong Kong and Fort McHenry Tunnel in the United States

Xiaoliang Wang
Andrey Khlystov
Kin-Fai Ho
Dave Campbell
Judith C Chow
Steven D Kohl
John G Watson
Shun-cheng Frank Lee
Lung-Wen Antony Chen
Minggen Lu
Steven Sai Hang Ho
2019
Research Report 199

Research Report 199 describes a study led by Dr. Xiaoliang Wang evaluating how mobile-source emissions have changed by examining real-world emissions characterization in two traffic tunnels: the Shing Mun Tunnel in Hong Kong and the Fort McHenry Tunnel in Baltimore, Maryland.

Update Winter 2019

Health Effects Institute
2019
Newsletter

This issue of Update highlights a major new HEI study that measured progress on air quality in traffic tunnels, as well as two new HEI studies that examined secondary organic aerosols. Also in this edition, read about how we’re building our Strategic Plan for 2020–2025, our upcoming Annual Conference in Seattle, Washington, and more.

Annual Report 2018

Health Effects Institute
2019
Annual Report 2018

The 2018 Annual Report, Promoting Dialogue, Building Trust, describes how HEI provides a balanced forum where diverse stakeholders find common ground to discuss HEI’s high quality, impartial, and relevant science informing public policy on air quality and public health. The report highlights HEI’s latest achievements and initiatives.

Update Fall 2018

Health Effects Institute
2018
Newsletter

In this issue of Update, read about two important new HEI studies underway; a plan to intensively review and publish initial findings on PM2.5 from our “Low Exposure Levels” research program; our search for investigators to conduct new accountability and exposure assessment research; announcement of the 2018 Walter A. Rosenblith New Investigator Award recipient; and more.

Update Summer 2018

Health Effects Institute
2018
Newsletter

In this issue of Update, read about HEI’s recent testimony on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s proposed “Strengthening Transparency in Regulatory Science” rule; a recap of the 2018 Annual Conference in Chicago, Illinois; a new HEI Communication assessing the evidence on health effects from household air pollution; progress in the new Energy Research Program; and more.

Household Air Pollution and Noncommunicable Disease

HEI Household Air Pollution Working Group
2018
Communication 18

Communication 18 provides a critical assessment of the state of the science examining the linkages between household air pollution formed by the burning of solid fuels and noncommunicable diseases. The report updates previous systematic reviews with the most recent studies. It answers fundamental questions on the scientific basis for estimating health burden and what the evidence suggests about the exposure reductions necessary to achieve improved health outcomes. The Summary for Policy Makers, based on Communication 18, presents the main conclusions about exposures to household air pollution and about its contribution to noncommunicable diseases globally.

Update Spring 2018

Health Effects Institute
2018
Newsletter

This issue of Update highlights the report of a major new HEI study, Impacts of Regulations on Air Quality and Emergency Department Visits in the Atlanta Metropolitan Area, 1999–2013, led by Armistead (Ted) Russell of the Georgia Institute of Technology; the public release of data from HEI’s major ozone study, the Multicenter Ozone Study in oldEr Subjects (MOSES); a new HEI panel conducting a literature review on the health effects of traffic-related air pollution; the publication of State of Global Air 2018; appointment of two new members to the Institute’s Board of Directors; a new chair of the HEI Research Committee; and more.